Loop Art  ·  ICA Miami  ·  Cohort #21

Machine
Aesthetic

Mark Walhimer
mark-walhimer.com
April 21, 2026

Loop Art Critique
Institute of Contemporary Art Miami
Cohort #21 · 2026
Artist Statement

This work begins with code. Not with an image, not with an object, not with paint or clay or a room — with code. The code is the origin and the authority. What it generates is the work: a living digital thing that exists in time, loops, breathes, and ends. Any subsequent form — a physical object, an installation, a spatial experience — must remain faithful to what the code actually does. A screenshot is not the work. A video of the work is not the work. Showing something more legible, more printable, more displayable in place of the running code is a betrayal of the intent. The chain is specific: code creates a digital loop; the loop informs an object; the object opens into a physical experience. Each step is earned by the one before it. Each step asks the same question — what is this code doing, and what does fidelity to that look like here?

Three code-based works in three dimensions — digital, object, and spatial. The same code runs all three.

Live Work Open full screen ↗
Loop Art Critique — Combined Flow  ·  Enter the building  ·  Sound on mark-walhimer.com/sketches/April%2025/loop-art-critique-combined.html
00 —

The Three Dimensions

The work exists in three dimensions. The digital dimension is where the code runs and the work lives — a loop, a generative system, a living thing in time, existing in the Loop Metaverse. The object dimension is where the same code runs a physical thing: a Teensy 4.1 driving an LED panel, the code knowing it is on hardware and behaving accordingly. The spatial dimension is a distributed room — multiple nodes, sensors, motors, projectors, each receiving OSC instructions from a shared nervous system, each contributing to a single organism. The specific works within each dimension are in development. The framework is fixed.

01 —

Digital Dimension

The digital dimension lives in the Loop Metaverse. The code runs as a generative loop — seeded, deterministic, ownable. A six-character hex seed governs the entire visual composition: entities, colors, lifecycles, spatial arrangement. The same seed on any machine produces the same output. This is the foundational logic of on-chain generative art: the artwork is the algorithm, the hash is the provenance, the loop is the form.

The most important property of the digital dimension is that the code knows it is there. Context-awareness is not a feature added on top — it is written into the system. The same codebase that runs in the Loop Metaverse will behave differently on a Teensy 4.1 because the code understands its role. The seed is the shared identity across all three dimensions. A recording of the loop is an output. It is not the work.

The seed is not a feature — it is the work's identity.
The system is the work. Everything else is an output.
02 —

Object Dimension

The object dimension is a Teensy 4.1 driving an LED panel approximately 20 square inches. The same code that runs in the Loop Metaverse runs on this hardware — it knows it is on an object, and it behaves accordingly. The object is not a display showing the digital work. It is the digital work running in a different context. The code's context-awareness is the object's identity.

Andreas Gysin's LCD 1 remains the conceptual benchmark: hardware and software as a single entity, a device with no other reason to exist. The Teensy 4.1 + LED panel is this work's equivalent — a purpose-built node whose sole function is to run this code in this form. The fabrication partners map directly onto what is needed to realize it.

Precision Cut Metal sendcutsend.com · oshcut.com

Enclosure and mounting hardware. The object's physical form — what holds the LED panel and the Teensy — is as considered as the code running on it.

Bespoke Object cwandt.com

CW&T's single-purpose object philosophy is the closest match to the ambition: a thing designed to do exactly one thing, indefinitely.

Production Volume fictiv.com · protolabs.com · xometry.com

If the object dimension is editioned — one per seed, one per collector — production scaling partners are in place.

Custom PCB Teensy 4.1 · LED matrix

The hardware layer: Teensy 4.1 receives OSC from the network, drives the LED panel, reports its state back into the distributed system.

03 —

Spatial Dimension

The spatial dimension is a room that is also an organism. Multiple Teensy 4.1 nodes receive OSC messages from a Linux engine and each drive a different output — projector, fan, LED wall, sensor, LED panel. No single node controls the room. The room is the system, and the system is aware of its own state. A motor glitches: the Teensy recognizes it, the state enters the OSC stream, the audio shifts, the pixels on another node respond. The glitch is not an interruption — it is the room recognizing itself.

Visitors are not audience. They enter with iPhones and can alter what the code does in real time. Multiple people simultaneously. The room responds not as a performance responding to an audience but as an organism responding to stimuli. The distinction matters: in a performance, the work is fixed and the viewer moves around it. Here the work is running, and the viewer is one of its inputs.

Rune Brink Hansen's spatial practice is the relevant precedent — his key insight that the viewer should feel inside the feeling, not in front of an image, is what the distributed room achieves when it is working. The atmosphere is not designed; it is generated, node by node, in real time, from a shared state that no one person controls.

04 —

Sound as Node

There is no audio track. There is no visual track. There is code, and the code produces all of it. This is Agoston Nagy's position and it is this work's position: sound, image, and movement are not three things coordinated by a composer — they are one system expressing itself through different outputs. The Roland S1 is a node. The LED panel is a node. The fan is a node. None of them has a score. They all have the same source.

This matters because it changes what the work is. A film has a director, a composer, a cinematographer — separate authors of separate tracks assembled in post. This work has one author and one track: the code. Whatever the room sounds like at any moment is what the code is doing at that moment, expressed acoustically. Whatever it looks like is the same thing expressed visually. The separation that most installation art takes for granted does not exist here.

05 —

Inspiration: Lineage & Dialogue

Eight influences span blockchain practice, language-art, spatial installation, hardware/software synthesis, the ethics of native digital aesthetics, mechanical systems, robotic mark-making, and body-as-input performance. Together they describe the full ambition of the project.

Agoston Nagy
entangled.tools
Most directly realized. Nagy's practice of long-form generative art on blockchain — seeded systems, deterministic randomness, WebAudio sonification intertwined with visual logic — is the technical and philosophical blueprint for Flying Boxes / Emergent DNA. Nagy's description of sound as functional annotation of system events rather than musical composition is precisely the register occupied by the piano events in the current work. His Tezos-era ethics (clean NFT, open-edition critique, ecological awareness) are also contextually relevant for how this work is positioned if it moves toward minting. The "step inward" that Nagy describes when moving from screen to plotter — the deepened relationship with a system through material constraint — is the journey from digital to object component.
Wen New Atelier
wennew-atelier.xyz
Partially realized, significant potential. Kalen Iwamoto and Julien Silvano work at the intersection of language, text, and physical-digital systems — "literature machines," performance writing, conceptual poetry, text/textures. Their influence is most legible in Technical Drawing's vocabulary layer: words like VOID, MEMBRANE, THRESHOLD, PATHWAY, GRADIENT placed as spatial labels in the drawing are functioning as conceptual poetry, not merely technical annotation. Currently these labels are decorative — placed randomly, drawn from a fixed list. The Wen New Atelier lineage suggests a more generative treatment: labels derived from the drawing's own geometry, or labels that constrain future draw operations, or labels that form a syntactic poem across the canvas. The physical-digital hyphen they inhabit is also relevant to the object component — the text on a cut-metal plate is simultaneously fabrication documentation and language art.
Rune Brink Hansen
Spøgelsesmaskinen
spogel.xyz
Realized in atmosphere, less so in visual register. Hansen's practice — pixel-hard 3D animations depicting eerie inhabited machine spaces, descending from stage design for immersive opera — is most relevant to Bloom / Four Walls' spatial and temporal ambitions. His key insight: the viewer should feel inside the feeling, not in front of an image. The empty room that blooms achieves this. However, Hansen's visual signature — low-resolution, non-antialiased, deliberately pixelated — is absent from the current works, which are smooth and high-resolution. This is not a failure, but a divergence. If Machine Aesthetic sought to acknowledge this lineage more explicitly, a deliberate reduction of visual resolution in the spatial component — treating pixelation as material property rather than limitation — could create a more pointed dialogue.
Andreas Gysin
ertdfgcvb
ertdfgcvb.xyz
The aspirational horizon, not yet reached. Gysin's central insight — that the display is the artwork, that hardware and software are inseparable as entity, that the screen should have "no other reason to exist" — is the standard against which the object component must ultimately be measured. His LCD 1: a 71×71mm monochrome device, 35 grams, running generative ASCII for 15+ hours on a single battery charge. The resolution of that ambition is absolute. Machine Aesthetic names Gysin as inspiration but none of the three works yet closes this gap. The fabrication partners are selected correctly for the task; the design decision about what the irreducible physical form is has not yet been made. That decision is the most important remaining work.
Kim Asendorf
kimasendorf.com
The ethics of the native digital. Asendorf refuses the label of generative artist or media artist — his position is that the work must create its own category from within the code itself. His pixel sorting algorithm, released open source in 2012, is precisely not a glitch: it is a generative mechanism of absolute precision that produces the appearance of accident. That inversion — order generating apparent chaos — is the underlying logic of Machine Aesthetic's lifecycle systems. More directly: Asendorf writes his own code and contracts, treats the pixel as the atomic unit of digital art, and insists that digital work carries native aesthetics that are not translations of print or painting. His recent shift toward moving systems that are "complex, absorbing, pulsing" — and his first retrospective spanning screen, object, and garden installation — maps directly onto the three dimensions of this work. His statement that some art is only right for today connects to the loop as the work's natural lifespan.
Zimoun
zimoun.net
Motor individuality as emergent voice. Zimoun's sound installations use hundreds of identical DC motors — each hand-assembled, each therefore slightly different — driving simple materials: cardboard, wire, cotton balls, wooden spars. Because each component is made by hand, they cannot synchronize even when connected to a single current. The system is ordered, but it behaves chaotically the moment it is activated. Each element develops its own individuality through the dynamic interplay of mechanism, rotation, and material. This is the conceptual precedent for the spatial dimension's distributed room: identical Teensy 4.1 nodes running the same code, each developing its own behavior through the friction of physical reality. The difference is that in Zimoun's work the motors do not communicate — the divergence is emergent but not networked. In Machine Aesthetic, the divergence enters the OSC stream and changes what every other node does. The glitch is not merely tolerated. It propagates.
Patrick Tresset
patricktresset.com
The robot as mark-maker. Tresset's robotic installations — most legibly the Human Study series — use drawing robots that observe a subject through a camera, process that observation through an algorithm, and produce marks on paper. The physical feedback loop is visual and computational: camera watches the drawing surface, the algorithm adjusts, the arm responds. What is relevant here is not the portraiture or the human/robot relationship Tresset explores, but the specific function of the plotter node in Machine Aesthetic's closing architecture — a robot that makes marks from system state, whose marks are scanned and re-enter the OSC stream. Tresset's robots are the precedent for that node: a drawing machine whose output is determined not by an artist's hand but by a running system.
Sougwen Chung
sougwen.com
Body as node. Chung's practice places the body inside a feedback loop with a robotic drawing system trained on decades of their own gesture data. At Art Basel Hong Kong 2026, Chung performed a live painting on a ten-meter calligraphic scroll alongside a motion-driven robotic system, with a biosensor worn at the temple feeding physiological state directly into what the robot does in real time. The artist's body is not the author of what the robot produces — it is one input among many, processed by the system alongside visual data and trained gesture memory. This is the most precise contemporary precedent for Machine Aesthetic's distributed room: a human as a sensor node, their state entering a feedback loop that none of the participants — human or machine — fully controls. The iPhone visitor in the spatial dimension is Chung's biosensor at scale: multiple bodies, multiple inputs, one shared system responding.
06 —

System Architecture

The system is the artwork. The code is context-aware — it knows whether it is running in the Loop Metaverse, on a Teensy 4.1 driving an LED panel, or as part of a distributed room. The same codebase behaves differently in each dimension because the dimension is written into the code as a role, not imposed from outside. This is the critical technical realization of the artist statement: fidelity to the code's intent is not a constraint on the work — it is the work's architecture.

Conceptual · Three Dimensions
CODE context-aware DIGITAL Loop · Metaverse OBJECT Teensy 4.1 · LED 20in² SPATIAL Room · Organism

The spatial dimension is a distributed network. A Linux computer runs the OSC engine — the central nervous system of the room, not a playback system. Every node talks to every other node. A motor glitches: the Teensy recognizes it, that state change enters the OSC stream, the audio shifts, the pixel behavior on the LED wall shifts in response. The room is aware of itself. No single node is in charge. The Roland S1, Daisy, SP, Bella, the Teensy 4.1s, the sensors, the iPhone, and a plotter node — all are participants in a shared state that none of them fully controls. The plotter is not a documentation endpoint; it is part of a feedback loop where system state generates marks, those marks are scanned/interpreted, and that interpretation re-enters the OSC stream. When something breaks, the system doesn't stop — it responds. The glitch is not an interruption of the work. It is the work recognizing itself.

Historical Precedent
Two works from the 1960s and 70s anchor the distributed room idea in a real lineage. David Tudor's Rainforest (1968, revised through the 1970s) suspended multiple speakers as physical resonators throughout a space, each driven by audio signals and each feeding its acoustic output back into the room — which was then picked up by the other speakers. No single node was in charge. The room was the instrument, and when something drifted or failed, that drift propagated through every other node. Alvin Lucier's I Am Sitting in a Room (1969) records a voice in a room, plays the recording back into the room and re-records it, repeating until the room's own acoustic resonance overwhelms the original signal. The room is not the setting of the work — it is the system. The phrase written in §03 — the room recognizing itself — is Lucier's idea. It should be named.
Technical · Network
Linux Computer OSC Engine · Distributed System Roland S1 Synthesizer Network Switch Teensy 4.1 · LED 20 in² Teensy 4.1 · Projector Teensy 4.1 · Fan · Kinetic Teensy 4.1 · LED Wall Teensy 4.1 · Sensor · Input iPhone · Multi-user Remote audience changes the work · wifi

The dashed line on the iPhone node marks a distinction: it is not a passive output but an input — multiple people in the room can simultaneously alter the work. The room is no longer a presentation. It is a shared instrument. The code running on each Teensy 4.1 understands this: it listens, it responds, it knows it is one node in a larger organism.

Participants · Active Roles
ARTIST origin · not sole author CODE active participant SYSTEM active participant · sensor-aware VISITOR co-creator writes intent · framework runs · role-aware glitch · state feedback · amplified or subtracted environment · responds alters · co-creates shapes experience
07 —

Closing

The artist statement at the top of this document is the work's spine: code begins everything, and fidelity to what the code actually does is the principle that determines every subsequent form. That principle now has an architecture. Three dimensions — digital, object, spatial — each running the same code in a different context. A distributed room where the code knows its role, the system absorbs its own failures, and the visitors are not an audience but a fourth kind of participant.

What is unusual about this position is that it distributes authorship without diluting it. The artist writes the code. The code runs the system. The system responds to itself and to its visitors. Nobody is in charge of what the room does in any given moment — and yet the room is unmistakably the product of a single set of decisions made at the code level. The author is present everywhere and nowhere simultaneously. That is a precise and interesting place to be.

The work is not finished. The specific works in the digital dimension are still being chosen. The object has not been fabricated. The room has not been built. But the framework is clear, the architecture is designed, and the principle holds at every level. What remains is making: integrating Daisy, SP, Bella, and the plotter as live nodes in the same feedback loop so marks, sound, light, and interaction continually inform one another.